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What is GINECOLOGY? Ginecology is the branch of obstetrics and gynecology that has as its goal to study and maintain health of reproductive organs, specifically those of women. It focuses on treating all aspects of a woman's life, not only her menstrual cycle. The word ginecologist comes from two Greek words: 'gyn' meaning "woman" and 'kolossi' meaning "disciple". As a result, many believe that this term implies a female or feminist approach to medicine. This is not the case, because this medical specialty mainly deals with women's health. In this same vein, two important facts stand out: firstly, the majority of patients seen by ginecologists are women and secondly, even in countries with a predominance of medical specialists of the male sex (such as Japan) gynecology has been practiced by mainly female doctors. The study and practice of Ginecology began in Greece and Rome, where physicians such as Soranus and later Menarchus made significant advances in this field. In fact, much of what we know about female anatomy today comes from their studies. The Greeks, particularly Hippocrates, paid much attention to the female reproductive system. He prescribed periodic massage of the breast to prevent menstrual disorders. The concept of "bad" sperm wasn't described until 1775 by Johann August Ernest Starckmann. It was Starckmann who coined the term "polyspermy", which refers to multiple sperm in an ejaculate. For these reasons, among others , it can be said that Greek medicine was one of the first experts on the female reproductive tract. The Romans were also great experts in basic knowledge of gynaecology and obstetrics for centuries. However, the decline of Roman civilization was accompanied by the decline of Roman medicine, which included this specialty. Finally, it is worth mentioning here that many famous doctors in history were women. These include: Marie Curie (discoverer of naturally occurring radioactive substances), Marie Stopes (who founded the first birth control clinic in Britain), Florence Nightingale (social worker and founder of nursing), as well as Amalia Esteves Menescal and Inês Cristina da Silva Mascarenhas, pioneers in gynaecological surgery. The word gynaecologist comes from the Greek roots gyno = woman and kolossos = disciple. In addition, two facts stand out: firstly, the majority of patients seen by ginecologists are women and secondly, even in countries with a predominance of medical specialists of the male sex (such as Japan) gynecology has been practiced by mainly female doctors. The study and practice of Ginecology began in Greece and Rome, where physicians such as Soranus and later Menarchus made significant advances in this field. cfa1e77820
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